Europe’s Rail leaders are speaking with one voice: the Joint Undertaking public-private partnership has proven to be a...
Additional published documents
Operational Transitions to Automation: A Scoping review with implications for future rail service
This systematic review of studies across transport sectors shows that successful transitions to automated operations depend mainly on organizational and human factors rather than technology alone. The main barriers are system complexity, poor adoption, and stakeholder misalignment, while strong stakeholder involvement and support tools are key enablers—highlighting that human and managerial alignment is critical for automation success in rail.
Cost of railway capacity expansions in Norway as input to evaluation of Economic Feasibility of Automatic Train Operation
This paper compares the economic feasibility of traditional rail infrastructure investments and Automatic Train Operation (ATO) as solutions to improve rail capacity, punctuality, and efficiency. Using a KPI-based framework applied to Norwegian case studies, it finds that infrastructure projects are generally more cost-effective for significant capacity increases, while ATO offers better value for improving punctuality and operational efficiency, especially on busy corridors. The study concludes that infrastructure and ATO should be considered complementary approaches, with infrastructure enabling capacity growth and ATO enhancing reliability and performance.
Acceptability of Autonomous Trains in Europe: Citizens’ expectations and determinants for usage.
A European survey (519 participants, 23 countries) shows moderate support for autonomous trains, with most people preferring partial automation (GoA2–GoA3) rather than full automation (GoA4). Support depends on reliability, human oversight, and clear cybersecurity information, and varies by region.
FP2 R2DATO Final Event Planning
Final Event:
3rd & 4th of June 2026
Prague – CZECH REPUBLIC
Schedule for the two-day final event.
8th SmartRacon Scientific Seminar
Date: 14-15 October 2026
Location: Université Gustave Eiffel, Campus de Lille – Villeneuve d’Ascq – France
The submission for this years SmartRaCon Conference is now open. Please consult the submission template and guidelines before preparing your contribution
7th SmartRaCon: CEIT’s Multiconnectivity Platform Laboratory Setup
7th SmartRaCon: CEIT’s Multiconnectivity Platform Laboratory Setup
FP2 R2DATO: Article for UITP website
The FP2-R2DATO project, led by Europe’s Rail Joint Undertaking, is advancing automated and autonomous tram and train technologies to make rail operations safer, more efficient, and sustainable. UITP member Sporveien Trikken contributes its expertise from Oslo’s tram network, focusing on depot automation while ensuring safety and cybersecurity. A recent interview with Dusan Klago highlights how these efforts integrate with the broader European R2DATO objectives.
FP2-R2DATO: journal of “Rail Transport Planning and Management”
Cost of railway capacity expansions in Norway as input to evaluation of Economic Feasibility of Automatic Train Operation
The paper compares infrastructure upgrades and Automatic Train Operation (ATO) for improving rail capacity and punctuality. Using KPIs and Norwegian case studies, it finds that infrastructure is more cost-effective for major capacity increases, while ATO is better for punctuality and efficiency gains in busy corridors. The study concludes that both solutions are complementary and calls for more research on ATO costs and broader benefits.
FP2 R2DATO: DLR tests virtual coupling system in the real world
Two trains can now run digitally connected at just 15 to 80 meters apart, thanks to a new radio system for virtual coupling developed by the DLR Institute of Communications and Navigation within the FP2-R2DATO project. This technology enables continuous data exchange on position and speed, representing a major step toward automated rail transport. It was successfully tested in spring 2025 at the Dutch state railway’s test site in Amersfoort, Netherlands.
Link: https://www.dlr.de/en/latest/news/2025/dlr-tests-virtual-coupling-system-in-the-real-world
7th SmartRaCon: Self-Driving Freight Wagon (SDFW) state of art and use case list
7th SmartRaCon: Self-Driving Freight Wagon (SDFW) state of art and use case list
7th SmartRaCon: Test of IEEE802.15.4 for Train-to-Train Short Range Communication and Relative Localization
7th SmartRaCon: Test of IEEE802.15.4 for Train-to-Train Short Range Communication and Relative Localization
7th SmartRaCon: Use Cases Development for Automated Functions in Autonomous Rail Inspection Vehicles
7th SmartRaCon: Use Cases Development for Automated Functions in Autonomous Rail Inspection Vehicles
















